Reader Response Draft 3
Brooks (2024) states that Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) operates by using slicing software to convert designs into printer instructions. It would then layer heated filament, usually made of Polylactic Acid (PLA) or Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) layer by layer onto the print bed. The object is constructed when each layer hardens. According to Protolabs Network (n.d.), FDM's wide array of materials allows users to switch materials to meet different needs. FDM is also one of the most cost-effective choices for 3D printing in small batches, as the materials used are cheap and accessible (Xometry, 2023). FDM 3D printing is also beginner-friendly and customizable. FDM 3D printers allow customizations for multiple variables to suit different needs. Its simple operation and visual appeal make it popular among beginners (Top3dshop, 2022). Lastly, FDM printers also feature good build structural strength. Monika (2024) agrees that FDM 3D printing technology is generally effective for producing strong and durable parts. Thermoplastic materials like ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) and nylon form stronger bonds, resulting in stronger products that can last longer.
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printing technology is superior to Stereolithography(SLA) in terms of cost-effectiveness, material versatility, and build strength.
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printing is the most cost-effective method for rapid prototyping compared to Stereolithography(SLA). McClements(2022) agrees that SLA is considerably more expensive compared to FDM, primarily due to the usage of specialized photopolymer resins used in the process. Moreover, the high-precision UV laser required for printing also adds to its high price tag. FDM printers can be acquired for as little as $200 whereas an entry-level SLA printer costs at least $1,295.With cheaper printer costs as compared to SLA, FDM 3D printing remains the top choice for users seeking cost-effective manufacturing methods
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printing offers a wider range of material options compared to SLA(Stereolithography). FDM printers can utilize a wider range of thermoplastic polymers, along with composite materials in filament form, while SLA printers offer a narrower selection of materials, primarily using photosensitive thermosetting plastics in liquid resin form. The price of these resins is typically expensive and produced by printer manufacturers. One liter ranges from $100 to $200 as compared to 1 kilogram of FDM printing filament from $24 to $99 (Makerbot, n.d.). The material versatility and cost of FDM 3D printing technology as compared to SLS prove that FDM is still the most cost-effective and versatile 3D printing technology.
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printing offers better build strength compared to SLA(Stereolithography). Markforged (n.d.) explains that due to the inherently brittle properties of cured resin, only engineering-grade SLA resin formulations should be used for parts under mechanical stress or loads. In contrast, most standard resins are suitable for display, and cosmetic prototypes. Currently, there is no SLA resin available that matches the strength and mechanical performance of filaments such as polycarbonate, nylon, or other materials used in FDM 3D printing. As the inherent properties of the materials of SLA(Stereolithography) and FDM differ greatly, FDM(Fused Deposition Modelling) 3D printing produces parts with better strength as compared to SLA(Stereolithography).
Despite the above-mentioned features of the FDM 3D printing technology for its manufacturing abilities, it does have its drawbacks as no technologies are perfect. One significant drawback would be its environmental impact. “In terms of environmental impact, FDM printers generate more waste and emit more greenhouse gases compared to SLA printers. This is because FDM printers use more material than SLA printers, and the leftover material cannot be easily reused. Additionally, FDM printers require more energy to heat the filament and extrude it, leading to higher emissions”(Hussain, 2021, Results, para 2). However, these environmental concerns can be mitigated by users adhering to the proper waste management procedures according to the material they are using.
In conclusion, although FDM(Fused Deposition Modelling) 3D printing technology surpasses SLA(Stereolithography) 3D printing technology in terms of cost-effectiveness, material versatility, and build strength, it is important to note that both technologies excel in different aspects. Therefore, It is essential to choose the appropriate technology depending on the user’s specific requirements.
References
Daniel, B. (2023, July 6). FDM 3D printing: Ultimate guide. Explore3DPrint.
Dean, M. (2022, July 15). SLA vs. FDM: Differences and comparison. Xometry.
https://www.xometry.com/resources/3d-printing/sla-vs-fdm-3d-printing/#:~:text=SLA%20parts%20need%20to%20be,significantly%20better%20resolution%20than%20FDM.
Iqbal, H. (2022, September). A comparative analysis of fused deposition modeling and stereolithography 3D printers. ResearchGate.
Monika. (2024, June 19). FDM vs. SLA: Which 3D printing process delivers better strength?. GoldSupplier.
Makerbot. (n.d.). Choosing the right 3D printer: FDM vs SLA. Makerbot.
https://www.makerbot.com/stories/choosing-the-right-3d-printer-fdm-vs-sla/
Markforged. (n.d.). FDM vs SLA - 3D printing process breakdown. Markforged.
Protolabs Network. (n.d.). What is FDM (fused deposition modeling) 3D printing? Hubs.
https://www.hubs.com/knowledge-base/what-is-fdm-3d-printing/#how-does-fdm-3d-printing-work
Top3dshop. (2022, July 24). Fused deposition modeling: All you need to know about FDM 3D printing technology. Top3dshop.
Xometry. (2023, September 8). Fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technology overview. Xometry.
https://xometry.pro/en-eu/articles/3d-printing-fdm-overview/
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